In EvE you really need to kind of plan ahead otherwise your skill training will be all over the place.

I haven't played EvE in a long time but there used to be an amazing skill training tool that hooked up with the EvE server and showed you which skill is training and allowed you to do different plans and play around with the priorities. EVEMON I think it was called.

There was another tool I used that did ship loadouts for you. So you pick the ship, add the mods you want, add your skills and it tells you whether you need CPU or Power Grid or other skills related to the modules or ship. Once you knew what you needed you could feed the skills into EVEMON and work out a skill order.

You also have to allow for some weapon skills too so you don't completely suck at DPS.

From a Caracal I would go -> Drake (battlecruiser) -> Raven (battleship)

Back when I was playing a passive tanked Drake was an amazing ship. I was caught by 2 pirates once and even though they locked me down completely they couldn't break my tank as it was all passive. You will need to find a good Drake loadout and put it in a tool that will tell you what skills you need and then you can plan on how and when to train the skills.

I don't know how the game evolved in the last year or two though, might have to go a completely different route.