I don't use bartender, but weakauras has multiple possibilities to specify the instance type, zone ID and encounter ID, so it looks like it's technically possible (link to screenshot). Weakauras has also a custom LUA section, but I have no idea if you can actually manage actionbar states based on that. Might be worth it to look into that.
Edit: seems like to only work out of combat, so I guess it's protected.
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